Protect Māori food systems and seed sovereignty
The Policy: TPM Kai Sovereignty Policy — September 2023 →
TL;DR
- "Kai" means food, and this Te Pāti Māori policy aims to give whānau (families) more control over growing and affording healthy food, connected to the land and Māori traditions.
- It includes protecting "seed sovereignty" (the right to save and control traditional plant seeds), rejecting genetically engineered (GE) foods, and upholding a long-running Treaty claim called WAI 262 about native plants and animals.
- It promises extra money: $100 million for a Māori agriculture innovation fund, and $15 million a year for community food projects like home gardens and marae food gardens.
- It also proposes a new Kai Sovereignty Board, support for Māori-owned supermarkets, and removing GST from all food (a wider tax change the party costed at about $3.4 billion, to be paid for by a wealth tax).
- The policy targets New Zealand's two big supermarket chains, which together hold about 82% of the market and which the Commerce Commission found were making roughly $1 million a day in excess profit.
- Because Te Pāti Māori is not in government, it cannot make any of this law right now — it's a statement of intent and a marker against the government's plans to loosen GE rules.
More detail
A big part of this policy is opposing the government's Gene Technology Bill, which would end New Zealand's near-30-year ban on gene technology outside the lab. Te Pāti Māori, the Greens, Labour, and a Māori public-health body oppose it, arguing it sidelines Māori as guardians (kaitiaki) of the land and threatens control over food. Supporters — including government ministers, ACT, and several science bodies — say gene editing could cut farm emissions and boost productivity. Notably, the bill has stalled, with NZ First's Winston Peters saying it is unlikely to pass this term unless the rules are tightened.
Other parts of the plan face hurdles too. Independent economists have criticised removing GST from food as poorly targeted, and breaking up the supermarket duopoly was looked at and dropped by both Labour and National governments as too complex. The plan's funding also leans on the party's wealth-tax package landing in some future government.
Full Detail if you want to know more
Pitched as a fight to put "affordable, healthy kai connected to whenua, whakapapa, and Māori control" back in whānau hands, Te Pāti Māori's kai sovereignty plan promises to protect Māori food systems and seeds while breaking what it calls a broken, hunger-producing grocery system.
The Policy: TPM Kai Sovereignty Policy — September 2023 →
What it does:
- Sets a headline goal to protect Māori food systems "including seed sovereignty, rejecting GE foods, and upholding WAI262", the 1991 Waitangi Tribunal flora-and-fauna claim that the Tribunal reported on in 2011 as *Ko Aotearoa Tēnei*.
- Pledges, in the policy launched on 13 September 2023, an extra $100 million for the Mātai Ahuwhenua agricultural innovation fund and a $15 million-a-year Community Kai fund for home gardens, marae māra kai and Māori-led food farms.
- Proposes a statutory Kai Sovereignty Board, support for Māori-owned supermarkets, and removing GST from all kai — a wider tax move the party costed at about $3.4 billion in foregone revenue, to be offset by a wealth tax.
- Targets the grocery duopoly the Commerce Commission found was earning roughly $1 million a day in excess profit and where Foodstuffs and Woolworths still hold about 82% of the market.
- Frames the "rejecting GE foods" plank against the Government's Gene Technology Bill, which passed its first reading on 17 December 2024 and would end New Zealand's near-30-year ban on gene technology outside the lab.
The result: As an opposition party not in government, Te Pāti Māori cannot enact any of this; the pledge is a statement of intent and a marker against the coalition's GE reform, so it remains unlegislated. The seed-and-GE plank now turns largely on the Gene Technology Bill. Te Pāti Māori, the Green Party (spokesperson Steve Abel calling it "radical de-regulation") and Labour (Reuben Davidson warning of a "rushed approach") oppose it, as does Māori public-health body Hāpai Te Hauora, which argues it sidelines Māori as kaitiaki and threatens kai sovereignty. Backers include then-Science Minister Judith Collins, who called it a "major milestone" to "unlock the potential of science", successor Shane Reti, the ACT Party, and scientists such as Plant and Food Research's Andrew Allan and bodies like AgResearch, DairyNZ and LIC, who say gene editing could cut farm emissions and lift productivity. Tellingly, the bill is stalled: NZ First's Winston Peters says it is unlikely to pass this term unless environmental-release rules are tightened. Independent economists have separately panned the GST-off-food element as poorly targeted, and breaking up the duopoly was considered and dropped by both Labour and National governments as too complex. *Neutrality note: this policy touches the Treaty and WAI 262; positions here are described as stated by each party and critic, not endorsed.*
The impacts to watch:
- Whether the Gene Technology Bill is amended to restrict GMO environmental release or lapses, which would partly meet the party's "reject GE foods" aim without any action of its own.
- How "seed sovereignty" and consent-based control of taonga plants are reconciled with plant variety rights and the stalled whole-of-government Wai 262 work programme.
- Whether GMO-free branding remains a premium for organic and export producers or a constraint on climate-related farm innovation.
- Fiscal credibility: a $3.4b GST hole plus new funds and a statutory board would need the party's wealth-tax package to land in any future government.
This overview is summarised by AI from public sources. It may contain errors and is a guide, not the definitive record — we welcome corrections.
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Key milestones
Affordability framing: GST off all kai
The kai sovereignty plan sat alongside Te Pāti Māori's wider tax pitch to remove GST from all food, which the party said would give whānau the equivalent of about seven weeks of free food a year at a cost of roughly $3.4 billion in lost revenue, to be offset by a wealth tax. The affordability and anti-poverty argument framed food insecurity as system failure rather than scarcity.
Kai Sovereignty policy launched
Te Pāti Māori, led by co-leaders Debbie Ngarewa-Packer and Rawiri Waititi, released its Kai Sovereignty policy, pledging to protect Māori food systems including seed sovereignty, reject GE foods and uphold the WAI 262 claim. Headline spends included an extra $100 million for the Mātai Ahuwhenua fund and a $15 million-a-year Community Kai fund, alongside a statutory Kai Sovereignty Board and support for Māori-owned supermarkets.
Gene Technology Bill passes first reading
The National-led Government's Gene Technology Bill passed its first reading. Then-Science, Innovation and Technology Minister Judith Collins said it would end New Zealand's near-30-year ban on gene technology outside the lab and was a "major milestone" to unlock the potential of science. The bill directly challenges Te Pāti Māori's "reject GE foods" plank, and the party said it remained opposed and would push for amendments.
Māori health body warns on seed and kai sovereignty
As public submissions opened, Māori public-health organisation Hāpai Te Hauora urged opposition to the Gene Technology Bill, arguing it sidelines Māori as kaitiaki, risks contaminating organic and heritage crops, and threatens kai and seed sovereignty and the interests recognised in WAI 262. The Spinoff's survey of submissions recorded supporters (AgResearch, DairyNZ, LIC, the NZ Initiative) citing emissions and productivity gains, and critics warning about the country's GMO-free export brand.
GE bill stalls; NZ First says unlikely to pass
After the Health Select Committee reported back, the Gene Technology Bill stalled amid coalition disagreement. NZ First leader Winston Peters said a major overhaul of GM laws was unlikely to pass this term unless rules on the environmental release of genetically modified organisms were tightened. For Te Pāti Māori's pledge, the practical effect is that the GE plank it could never legislate may be partly met by the reform faltering rather than by any action of its own.
Duopoly stays intact as break-up dropped
The policy's anti-monopoly aim ran into political reality: RNZ reported the Government backed away from breaking up the supermarket sector, a step both Labour and National had earlier considered and rejected as too complex. With Foodstuffs and Woolworths still holding about 82% of the grocery market and the Commerce Commission having found roughly $1 million a day in excess profit, Te Pāti Māori's call for Māori-owned chains and a Kai Sovereignty Board remains aspirational.
What people are saying
Reaction splits along familiar lines: supporters cheer protecting heritage seeds, kai affordability and standing up to the supermarket duopoly, while critics question the cost of GST-off-food and warn that rejecting gene technology could cost farmers and exporters.
See the conversation:
Aggregated — individual posts are not cited.
Sources
- Te Pāti Māori — policy ↗
- Te Pāti Māori — Kai Sovereignty policy ↗
- Te Pāti Māori announce Kai Sovereignty policy (Scoop) ↗
- Te Ao Māori News — Te Pāti Māori tax policy: more kai, less tax ↗
- Beehive — Gene Technology Bill passes first reading ↗
- The Spinoff — Main arguments for and against the Gene Technology Bill ↗
- Hāpai Te Hauora — What is the Gene Technology Bill and why does it matter to Māori? ↗
- Farmers Weekly — Gene Technology Bill unlikely to pass this term: Peters ↗
- RNZ — Why the government backed away from breaking up supermarkets ↗
- Waitangi Tribunal — Ko Aotearoa Tēnei: Report on the Wai 262 Claim ↗
- IPONZ — Whole-of-government work programme announced for Wai 262 ↗