Inflation tax relief + stronger IRD audit
The Policy: NZ First Cost of Living Tax Policy — 2023 Election →
TL;DR
- NZ First's policy has two parts. First, measure how inflation has quietly raised the average tax rate people pay (a problem called "bracket creep" or "fiscal drag"). Second, give Inland Revenue (IRD, the tax department) more money to do audits, so people who dodge tax pay their share.
- Bracket creep happens when prices and wages rise but the income levels where higher tax rates kick in stay frozen — so people slowly pay a higher share of tax without any law changing. New Zealand's tax thresholds were frozen from 2010 to mid-2024 while prices rose about 44%.
- Officials estimated the average tax rate is about 1.65 percentage points higher than if thresholds had kept up with inflation. One economics firm estimated this handed the government about $4.6 billion in extra tax since 2011.
- Budget 2024 lifted the lower thresholds for the first time in 14 years, but only as a one-off — not an automatic yearly adjustment. Making it automatic ("indexation") has not been passed into law.
- The audit funding is delivering measurable returns: IRD reported it collected $11.81 for every $1 spent on compliance in 2024–25, and recovered $4.3 billion in overdue tax debt.
- Supporters say this makes the system fairer and eases the cost of living. Treasury cautions that bracket creep quietly helps fund the government, so removing it would need spending cuts or other tax rises to fill the gap.
More detail
The two halves are at different stages. The audit push is up and running and paying off. The tax-relief half is still mainly a stated intention: the government measured the problem but stopped short of making threshold adjustments automatic, so bracket creep can quietly build up again over time.
There are trade-offs on both sides. Polling cited by the Taxpayers' Union shows automatic indexation is popular with voters across most parties (around 74% support). But critics of the audit drive, including tax consultant Terry Baucher, warn that losing experienced IRD auditors may hurt audit quality. Company liquidations driven by IRD hit a 15-year high, and total overdue tax debt reached about $9.3 billion by mid-2025 — so a key thing to watch is whether the crackdown stays fair to small businesses.
Full Detail if you want to know more
Pitched as relief from a hidden "inflation tax" for everyday income earners, paired with a tougher Inland Revenue so that those who dodge tax pay their share.
The Policy: NZ First Cost of Living Tax Policy — 2023 Election →
NZ First's pitch has two halves. First, formally measure how inflation has quietly pushed up the average tax rate Kiwis actually pay (the party's long-standing concern with "fiscal drag", also called bracket creep), as a step toward indexing tax thresholds to inflation. Second, fund Inland Revenue to do more audits, so less tax is lost and the system is fairer to those who do pay.
What it does:
- Commits the government to assess what inflation has done to the average tax rate income earners face. This delivered an Inland Revenue briefing to Finance Minister Nicola Willis: officials estimated the average tax rate is about 1.65 percentage points higher than it would be if thresholds had kept pace with inflation since 2010, worth on the order of 1% of GDP a year in extra revenue.
- The bracket-creep problem built up because tax thresholds were frozen from October 2010 until 31 July 2024 while prices rose roughly 44% over that period. Budget 2024 lifted the lower thresholds for the first time in 14 years (the 10.5% band top from \$14,000 to \$15,600, the 17.5% top from \$48,000 to \$53,500, and the 30% top from \$70,000 to \$78,100), but as a one-off, not automatic indexation.
- Infometrics estimated fiscal drag had handed the Crown about \$4.6 billion in extra tax since 2011, and lifted a minimum-wage earner's effective tax rate from 13.9% to 15.5%.
- Boosts Inland Revenue audit and compliance funding: \$29 million a year from Budget 2024 (2024-25 to 2027-28) and a further \$35 million a year of permanent funding in Budget 2025, targeting audits, overdue debt and overseas-based borrowers.
The result:
The audit half is producing measurable returns; the tax-relief half remains a stated intention rather than a delivered cut. Inland Revenue reported its compliance work returned \$11.81 for every \$1 spent in 2024-25 (up from \$9.50), with \$1.4 billion collected through compliance interventions against a \$1.038 billion target, and \$4.3 billion in cash recovered from debt activities. On fiscal drag, NZ First and the broader coalition commissioned the assessment but stopped short of legislating automatic indexation. Treasury has cautioned that fiscal drag quietly helps fund government, so removing it would require spending cuts or other revenue rises to fill the gap, and officials suggested a capital gains tax as one offset. Polling cited by the Taxpayers' Union shows indexation is popular across most parties' voters (around 74% support), though NZ First and ACT voters were among the least supportive in that survey. Critics of the audit drive, including tax consultant Terry Baucher, warn that a loss of experienced Inland Revenue auditors may be eroding audit quality even as activity rises.
The impacts to watch:
- Whether the assessment ever translates into automatic threshold indexation, or remains a one-off Budget adjustment that bracket creep steadily erodes again.
- Whether the audit ramp-up keeps paying off without unfairly squeezing small businesses: company liquidations driven by Inland Revenue hit a 15-year peak, and total overdue tax debt reached about \$9.3 billion at 30 June 2025.
This overview is summarised by AI from public sources. It may contain errors and is a guide, not the definitive record — we welcome corrections.
Where our research raises a question the policy doesn't answer, we put it to you — these are our questions, not government policy. Your vote stays anonymous even when you sign up (we use sign-up only to send you more things to vote on that you care about), and we report aggregated results only — the country's sentiment, never how any individual voted.
Key milestones
Coalition deal commits to measuring the "inflation tax"
As part of forming the 2023 coalition government, NZ First and National agreed to assess the impact inflation has had on the average tax rates faced by income earners. The commitment reflected NZ First's long-running argument that "fiscal drag" (also called bracket creep) quietly raises the share of income people pay in tax, and signalled a possible move toward indexing tax thresholds to inflation. NZ First has backed indexation for years; National adopted the idea more recently.
Budget 2024 lifts thresholds and funds more audits
Budget 2024 raised the three lower income tax thresholds for the first time since 2010 (the 10.5% band top from \$14,000 to \$15,600, the 17.5% top from \$48,000 to \$53,500, and the 30% top from \$70,000 to \$78,100). It was a one-off adjustment rather than automatic indexation. The same Budget gave Inland Revenue \$29 million a year (2024-25 to 2027-28) to expand audits, chase overdue debt and pursue overseas-based borrowers, an investment officials expected to more than pay for itself.
Where it stands: audits delivering, indexation still unfinished
Two years in, the audit half of the policy is producing results while the tax-relief half remains a stated intent. Reporting put total overdue tax debt at about \$9.3 billion as at 30 June 2025, with Inland Revenue applying for a rising share of company liquidations, named by commentators including Andrew Dickeson of Baker Tilly Staples Rodway as a marked shift from the pandemic-era supportive stance. On fiscal drag, the commissioned assessment confirmed the average tax rate sits about 1.65 percentage points higher than full indexation would imply, but the coalition has not legislated automatic indexation. Treasury has cautioned that fiscal drag helps fund government and that removing it would need spending cuts or other revenue, suggesting a capital gains tax as one option, a stance NZ First has not endorsed.
Inland Revenue reports strong returns on audit spend
Inland Revenue said its compliance work returned \$11.81 for every \$1 spent in 2024-25, up from \$9.50 the year before, with debt recovery returning \$53.08 per \$1. It reported \$1.4 billion collected through compliance interventions against a \$1.038 billion target, and \$4.3 billion in cash recovered from debt activities, its highest since 2018. Budget 2025 had added a further \$35 million a year of permanent funding. Supporters framed the spend as making the system fairer by ensuring tax avoiders pay their share.
Tax agents warn audit quality may be slipping
As Inland Revenue's enforcement ramped up, tax practitioners raised concerns. A survey by Chartered Accountants Australia and New Zealand and Tax Management New Zealand reported that some auditors were seen as lacking commercial experience, and tax consultant Terry Baucher noted a loss of long-serving staff meant a loss of experience. Agents also worried that small debts were chased hard while larger ones drew less attention, and that company liquidations driven by Inland Revenue had climbed to a 15-year peak. Baucher's broader point was balanced: he said taxpayers who engage early usually get more manageable outcomes than they fear.
What people are saying online
Online reaction splits along familiar lines: many welcome cracking down on unpaid tax and ending "bracket creep", while small-business voices and some accountants worry about heavier-handed audits and rising liquidations, and others doubt the coalition will ever deliver full threshold indexation.
See the conversation:
Aggregated — individual posts are not cited.
Sources
- NZ First — Our Achievements (official) ↗
- Infometrics: Tax, inflation, and fiscal drag (Brad Olsen) ↗
- Inland Revenue: Budget 2024 investment in compliance activities ↗
- Inland Revenue: \$11.81 ROI on compliance (media release) ↗
- Inland Revenue: personal income tax rates and thresholds ↗
- interest.co.nz: Treasury on indexing tax brackets; polling support ↗
- interest.co.nz: NZ Tax Podcast — Inland Revenue enforcement (Terry Baucher) ↗
- B2B News NZ: IRD chases \$9.3b in unpaid tax, liquidations up 49% ↗
